Dr. Jonathan Crane, or better known by his criminal alias, the Scarecrow, is a scientist with an obsession of the concept of fear.
Depending on which universe he's in, he's usually depicted as either an ex-psychology professor or as a psychiatrist at Arkham Aslyum, where he performed fear-inducing experiments on patients.
He isn't motivated by money however, but purely by the sadistic satisfaction he gets from his research.
He's best known for his "fear toxin", a hallucinogenic drug made from a concoction of substances and chemicals, used to exploit the phobias of his victims. He doesn't always need to rely on his toxin though. He has a doctorate in psychology and is a walking texbook on fear and will use various psychological tactics to break them down.
- He became a Yellow Lantern for a very short time.
- He has two canon phobias: corvidophobia (fear of crows) and chiropteraphobia (fear of bats)
- He takes on a Scarebeast form in Batman:As the Crow Flies, where Penguin manipulates him into becoming the beast against his will.
Craw
Nightmare
(in no particular order. there will probably be more additions lol)
(still sorting through these and adding more. bear with me bleaes)
60's
Batman Vol. 1 #189 (February 1967): "Fright of the Scarecrow"
Batman Vol. 1 #200 (March 1968): "The Man Who Radiated Fear"
Detective Comics #389 (July 1969): "Batman's Evil Eye"
70's
Justice League of America #111 (May-June 1974): "Balance of Power"
Batman Vol. 1 #262 (April 1975): "The Scarecrow's Trail of Fear"
1st Issue Special #7 (October 1975): "Menace of the Human Firefly"
Joker #8 (July-August 1976): "The Scarecrow's Fearsome Face-Off"
Justice League of America #143 (June 1977): "A Tale of Two Satellites"
Batman Vol. 1 #291 (September 1977): "Where Were You On the Night Batman Was Killed?"
Batman Vol. 1 #292 (October 1977): "The Testimony of the Riddler"
Batman Vol. 1 #293 (November 1977): "The Testimony of Luthor"
Batman Vol. 1 #294 (December 1977): "Testimony of the Joker"
Batman Vol. 1 #296 (February 1978): "The Sinister Straws of the Scarecrow"
Justice League of America #158 (September 1978): "The Super-Power of Negative Thinking"
Detective Comics #486/5 (October-November 1979): "Fear Times Four"
80's
Detective Comics #503 (June 1981): "Six Days of the Scarecrow"
Detective Comics #526 (May 1983): "All My Enemies Against Me"
Batman Vol. 1 #373 (July 1984): "The Frequency of Fear"
Detective Comics #540 (July 1984): "Something Scary"
Crisis on Infinite Earths #9 (December 1985): "War Zone"
Batman Vol. 1 #400 (October 1986): "Resurrection Night!"
Detective Comics #571 (February 1987): "Fear for Sale"
Secret Origins Vol. 2 #23/2 (February 1988): "Shine On You Crazy Diamond" [Flashback]
Batman #415 (January 1988): "Millennium"
Secret Origins Vol. 2 #23/2 (February 1988): "Shine On You Crazy Diamond"
Arkham Asylum (1989): "Arkham Asylum: A Serious House on Serious Earth"
Sandman Vol. 2 #5 (May 1989): "Passengers"
Sandman Vol. 2 #7 (July 1989): "Sound and Fury"
Captain Atom #33 (September 1989): "Source Material"
90's
Animal Man #23 (May 1990): "Crisis"
Batman Vol. 1 #455 (October 1990): "Identity Crisis, Part 1" [Behind the Scenes]
Batman #456 (November 1990): "Identity Crisis, Part 2: Without Fear of Consequence..."
Batman #457 (December 1990): [Identity Crisis, Part 3] "Master of Fear"
Batman: Shadow of the Bat #1 (June 1992): "The Last Arkham, Part One"
Batman: Shadow of the Bat #3 (August 1992): "The Last Arkham, Part Three"
Batman: Shadow of the Bat #4 (September 1992): "The Last Arkham, Part Four"
Batman #491 (April 1993): "The Freedom of Madness!"
Batman #494 (early June 1993): [Knightfall 5]: "Night Terrors"
Detective Comics #661 (early June 1993): [Knightfall 6]: "City on Fire"
Batman #495 (late June 1993): [Knightfall 7]: "Strange Deadfellows"
Batman #496 (early July 1993): [Knightfall 9]: "Die Laughing"
Detective Comics #664 (late July 1993): [Knightfall 12]: "Who Rules the Night"
Batman: Shadow of the Bat #16 (early September 1993): "The God of Fear, Part 1"
Batman: Shadow of the Bat #17 (late September 1993): "The God of Fear, Part 2"
Batman: Shadow of the Bat #18 (early October 1993): "The God of Fear, Part 3"
Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight Halloween Special #1 (December 1993): "Choices"
Showcase '94 #3 (March 1994): "Madmen Across the Water"
Showcase '94 #4 (April 1994): "Madmen Across the Water"
Legends of the World's Finest #3 (1994): "The Dream Team"
Anima #2 (April 1994): "False Dawn"
Anima #3 (May 1994): "Running with the Wolf"
Guy Gardner: Warrior #29 (March 1995): "It's My Party and I'll Fight If I Want To"
Batman #523 (October 1995): "Scarecrow, Part 1: Dark Wings Fly Away In Fear"
Batman #524 (November 1995): "Scarecrow, Part 2: Haunted Houses of the Head"
Underworld Unleashed #1 (November 1995): "Underworld Unleashed"
Hawkman Vol. 3 #26 (November 1995): "Fear Visits"
Batman Annual #19 (1995): "Year One: Scarecrow - Masters of Fear" [Flashbacks]
Batman: The Long Halloween #3 (February 1997): "Christmas"
Batman: The Long Halloween #8 (July 1997): "Mother's Day"
Batman: The Long Halloween #9 (August 1997): "Father's Day"
Batman: The Long Halloween #10 (September 1997): "Independence Day"
Batman: The Long Halloween #13 (December 1997): "Punishment"
Nightwing Vol. 2 #9 (June 1997): "Die Trying"
Nightwing Vol. 2 #10 (July 1997): "The Neighborhood"
Nightwing Vol. 2 #11 (August 1997): "Fear Takes Flight"
Batman/Scarecrow 3-D #1 (December 1998): "Concert of Fear"
Young Heroes in Love #8 (January 1998): "Take No Prisoners to the Twilight of the Gods!"
Scarecrow (Villains) #1 (February 1998): "Mistress of Fear"
Batman: Arkham Asylum - Tales of Madness #1 (May 1998): "Tales of Madness"
Creeper #7 (June 1998): "Madhouse"
Creeper #8 (July 1998): "He Who Laughs Last"
Catwoman Vol. 2 #58 (June 1998): "Only Happy When It Rains: Mad Money"
Catwoman Vol. 2 #59 (July 1998): "Only Happy When It Rains, Part II: Fight or Flight"
Catwoman Vol. 2 #60 (August 1998): "Only Happy When It Rains: Kittens and Trees"
Batman: Shadow of the Bat #80 (December 1998): "Road to No Man's Land: Wax Man and the Clown"
Batman: Shadow of the Bat #81 (January 1999): "Road to No Man's Land: Wax Man and the Clown"
Batman: Shadow of the Bat #82 (February 1999): "Road to No Man's Land: Wax Man and the Clown Part 3"
Batman Vol. 1 #562 (February 1999): "Bruce Wayne Goes to Washington, Part 3: The Devil His Due!"
Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight #116 (April 1999): "Fear of Faith, Part 1: Fanning the Flames"
Batman: Shadow of the Bat #84 (April 1999): "Fear of Faith, Part 2: To Serve and Protect"
Batman #564 (April 1999): "Fear of Faith, Part 3: Life in Hell"
Detective Comics #731 (April 1999): "Fear of Faith, Part 4: Be Not Afraid"
Nightwing Vol. 2 #35 (September 1999): "The Belly of the Beast"
Nightwing Vol. 2 #36 (October 1999): "Nothing But Time"
Nightwing Vol. 2 #37 (November 1999): "Escape From Blackgate"
2000 - 2005
Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight #137 (January 2001): "Terror Part I: The Blood-Bat"
Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight #138 (February 2001): "Terror Part II: Strange Scarecrow"
Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight #139 (March 2001): "Terror Part III: Greatest Fear"
Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight #140 (April 2001): "Terror Part IV: Horror House"
Green Lantern/Atom #1 (October 2000): "Unusual Suspects"
Batman #584 (December 2000): "The Dark Knight Project"
Catwoman Vol. 2 #93 (June 2001): "Fear Is Here To Stay"
JLA: Black Baptism #2 (June 2001): "Trials in Darkness"
JLA: Gods and Monsters (2001)
Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight #142 (June 2001): "The Demon Laughs Part One"
Batman: Gotham Knights #16/2 (June 2001): "the Bat no More...?"
Spectre Vol. 4 #11 (January 2002): "The Mission"
Batman: Gotham Knights #23 (January 2002): "Fear of Success"
Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight #163 (March 2003): "Auterism Part Two"
Detective Comics #778 (March 2003): "Dead Reckoning, Part Two" [Flashback]
Detective Comics #779 (April 2003): "Dead Reckoning, Part Three"
Detective Comics #780 (May 2003): "Dead Reckoning, Part Four"
Detective Comics #781 (June 2003): "Dead Reckoning, Part Five" [Flashback]
Detective Comics #782 (July 2003): "Dead Reckoning, Conclusion"
Batman: Gotham Knights #37/2 (March 2003): "Fear is the Key"
Batman: Gotham Knights #38 (April 2003): "Knight Moves, Part One: The Queen is Dead"
Batman: Gotham Knights #39 (May 2003): "Knight Moves, Part Two: Castling"
Batman #617 (September 2003): "Hush, Chapter Ten: The Grave"
JLA: Liberty and Justice (November 2003): "Liberty and Justice"
JLA #84 (early October 2003): "Trial by Fire, Part 1"
Batgirl: Year One #9 (October 2003): "Ashes & Blood"
Batman: Gotham Knights #49/2 (March 2004): "Fear is the Key"
Batman #626 (June 2004): "As the Crow Flies, Part One: Visions"
Batman #627 (early July 2004): "As the Crow Flies, Part Two: Partners in Crime"
Batman #628 (late July 2004): "As the Crow Flies, Part Three: Scary Monsters"
Batman #629 (August 2004): "As the Crow Flies, Part Four: Shotgun"
Batman #630 (September 2004): "As the Crow Flies, Part Five: Home Invasion"
Detective Comics #799 (December 2004): "War Games Act 3, Part 1: Good Intentions"
Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight #184 (December 2004): "War Games Act 3 Part 2: The Road to Hell"
Batman: Gotham Knights #58 (December 2004): "War Games Act 3, Part 5: Flight Risk"
Catwoman Vol. 3 #36 (December 2004): "War Games Act 3, Part 7: Multiple Fronts"
Batman #633 (December 2004): "War Games Act 3, Part 8: No Going Back"
Batman: Dark Detective #2 (Late July 2005): "The Dark Detective: You May See a Stranger"
Batman: Dark Detective #3 (Early August 2005): "The Dark Detective: Two Faces Have I"
Batman: Dark Detective #4 (Late August 2005): "The Dark Detective: Thriller"
Batman: Dark Detective #5 (Early September 2005): "The Dark Detective: Everybody Dance Now"
Gotham Central #33 (September 2005): "Dead Robin, Part One"
Aquaman Vol. 6 #30 (July 2005): "Kiss of Death, Part 1: The Nine"
Villains United #5 (November 2005): "Villains United, Part Five: Victims of Aggression"
Villains United #6 (December 2005): "Villains United, Part Six: At the End of All Things"
Catwoman: When in Rome #5 (April 2005): "Chapter Five: Friday"
Catwoman: When in Rome #6 (August 2005): "Chapter Six: Saturday"
💉 Year One: Batman / Scarecrow #1 (July 2005): [No Title]
💉 Year One: Batman / Scarecrow #2 (August 2005): [No Title]
2005-2010
Villains United: Infinite Crisis Special #1 (June 2006): "A Hero Dies But One"
Detective Comics #820 (August 2006): "Face the Face, Part 7"
Detective Comics #835 (October 2007): "Absolute Terror, Part 1"
Detective Comics #836 (November 2007): "Absolute Terror, 2 of 2"
Justice League Wedding Special #1 (November 2007): "Unlimited Chapter 1: Injustice League"
Batman Confidential #9 (November 2007): "Lovers & Madmen, Part Three: Crime's New Face"
DC Infinite Halloween Special #1/1 (December 2007): "Halloween at Arkham: Opening"
Gotham Underground #1 (December 2007): "Gotham Underground, Book One: Kidnappings!"
Superman/Batman #37 (late August 2007): "Torment, Part 1"
Superman/Batman #38 (September 2007): "Torment, Part 2: Crack-Up"
Superman/Batman #39 (October 2007): "Torment, Part 3: Helpless"
Superman/Batman #40 (November 2007): "Torment, Part 4: Trapped"
Superman/Batman #41 (December 2007): "Torment, Part 5: Purgatory"
Superman/Batman #42 (early January 2008): "Torment, Part 6: Release"
Two-Face: Year One #2 (October 2008): [No Title]
Batman Confidential #21 (November 2008): "The Cat and the Bat, Conclusion"
Batman and Superman: World's Finest #3 (June 1999): "World's Finest: Year Three: Light in the Darkness"
Gotham Underground #2 (January 2008): "Gotham Underground, Book Two: Gangs of Gotham"
Gotham Underground #3 (February 2008): "Gotham Underground, Book Three: Fancy Meeting You Here..."
Gotham Underground #4 (March 2008): "Gotham Underground, Book Four: Scars"
Green Lantern Vol. 4 #27 (March 2008): "Sinestro Corps Epilogue: The Alpha-Lanterns, Part II"
Joker's Asylum: Scarecrow #1 (September 2008): "Dark Knight of the Scarecrow"
Detective Comics #847 (October 2008): "Batman R.I.P.: Heart of Hush, Part 2: The Last Good Day"
Detective Comics #848 (November 2008): "Batman R.I.P.: Heart of Hush, Part 3: Heartstrings"
Detective Comics #849 (December 2008): "Batman R.I.P.: Heart of Hush, Part 4: Scars"
DCU Halloween Special (December 2008): "The Ballad of Jonathan Crane"
DCU Halloween Special (December 2008): "Scarred and Scared"
Batman: Gotham After Midnight #1 (July 2008): "Scarecrow Escapes Asylum!"
Batman: Gotham After Midnight #3 (September 2008): [No Title]
Batman: Gotham After Midnight #10 (April 2009): "Heart Broken!"
Batman: Gotham After Midnight #11 (May 2009): "Mad Monster Party!"
Tangent: Superman's Reign #10 (February 2009): "Superman's Reign, Chapter Ten"
Tangent: Superman's Reign #11 (March 2009): "Superman's Reign, Chapter Eleven"
Tangent: Superman's Reign #12 (April 2009): "Superman's Reign, Conclusion"
Batman in Barcelona: Dragon's Knight #1 (July 2009): "Dragon's Knight"
Battle for the Cowl: Arkham Asylum #1 (June 2009): "Arkham Asylum: The Place Where Beauty Lies" [Flashback]
Batman: Battle for the Cowl #1 (May 2009): "Batman: Battle for the Cowl - A Hostile Takeover"
Batman: Battle for the Cowl #2 (June 2009): "Batman: Battle for the Cowl - Army of One"
Batman #687 (August 2009): "The Battle Within; An Epilogue to Battle for the Cowl"
Superman/Batman #65 (December 2009): "Happy Halloween"
Batman: The Widening Gyre #3 (December 2009): "The Widening Gyre, Part Three: Things Fall Apart"
Justice League: Cry for Justice #2 (October 2009): "The Gathering"
Batgirl Vol. 3 #2 (November 2009): "Batgirl Rising: Point of New Origin, Part Two"
Batgirl Vol. 3 #3 (December 2009): "Batgirl Rising: Point of New Origin, Part Three"
Blackest Night #4 (December 2009): "Blackest Night"
Arkham Asylum: Madness (2010): "Madness"
Untold Tales of Blackest Night #1/6 (December 2010): "Blackest Nightmare"
Blackest Night #6 (February 2010): "Blackest Night"
Green Lantern Vol. 4 #50 (March 2010): "Parallax Rebirth"
Blackest Night: Wonder Woman #3 (February 2010): "Blackest Night - Wonder Woman"
Blackest Night #7 (April 2010): "Blackest Night"
Web #10/2 (August 2010): "The End of His Rope"
Titans Vol. 2 #28 (December 2010): "Family Reunions, Part One: Past Sins"
Titans Vol. 2 #29 (January 2011): "Family Reunions, Part Two: Clear and Present Danger"
Titans Vol. 2 #30 (February 2011): "Family Reunions, Part Three: The Future's So Dark..."